{"id":798,"date":"2025-10-07T15:10:39","date_gmt":"2025-10-07T14:10:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unv-ebolowa.cm\/?p=798"},"modified":"2025-10-07T15:11:10","modified_gmt":"2025-10-07T14:11:10","slug":"amelioration-genetique-et-evolution-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/unv-ebolowa.cm\/index.php\/en\/2025\/10\/07\/amelioration-genetique-et-evolution-4\/","title":{"rendered":"Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
IAA427<\/strong><\/td>Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution<\/strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Information du cours<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Nom du cours, Unit\u00e9 d\u2019Enseignement et Niveau :<\/strong> Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Nom du Responsable du cours : <\/strong>Dr KENFACK DONHACHI Aimerance<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Disponibilit\u00e9 et contact :<\/strong> 653565566<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Date du cours ou p\u00e9riode du cours :<\/strong> 1er<\/sup> semestre<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    D\u00e9coupage du cours (CM\/TD\/TP et TPE) :<\/strong> CM : 50 ; TD : 10 ; TP : 20 ; TPE : 10<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Nombre de cr\u00e9dits :<\/strong> 6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Description du cours<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Objectifs p\u00e9dagogiques :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. Comprendre les principes fondamentaux de la g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de l\u2019\u00e9volution,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. Appliquer les connaissances en g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et en \u00e9volution pour am\u00e9liorer les production animales, v\u00e9g\u00e9tales et aquacoles,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. D\u00e9velopper des comp\u00e9tences pour concevoir et mettre en \u0153uvre des programmes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        Contenu :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Le cours d\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution couvre les principes de la g\u00e9n\u00e9tique qualitative notamment les lois de Mendel et quantitative tels l\u2019h\u00e9ritabilit\u00e9, l\u2019h\u00e9t\u00e9rosis, la valeur moyenne et les corr\u00e9lations r\u00e9gressions. Les applications de l\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique en production animale, v\u00e9g\u00e9tale et aquacole sont mises en exergue dans le but de produire des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s ou esp\u00e8ces plus performants et r\u00e9sistantes \u00e0 la s\u00e9cheresse ou aux fluctuations des autres facteurs environnementaux. Les techniques innovantes d\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique \u00e0 savoir l\u2019inactivation par m\u00e9thylation, l\u2019agroinfiltration, le porte greffe transg\u00e9nique, les technique \u00e9dition du g\u00e8ne, l\u2019utilisation des marqueurs g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques, le contr\u00f4le de sexe, la manipulation du lot chromosomique, l\u2019\u00e9levage s\u00e9lectif et l\u2019hybridation meublent cette unit\u00e9 enseignement. La partie \u00e9volution couvre les principes fondamentaux de l\u2019\u00e9volution, notamment les m\u00e9canismes de l\u2019\u00e9volution \u00e0 savoir la s\u00e9lection naturelle, la d\u00e9rive g\u00e9n\u00e9tique, la mutation ; les preuves de l\u2019\u00e9volution telles que les formes fossiles, l\u2019anatomie compar\u00e9e et la biologie mol\u00e9culaire. Les th\u00e9ories de l\u2019\u00e9volution notamment le darwinisme, le fixisme, le transformisme et les applications de l\u2019\u00e9volution en biologie, en \u00e9cologie et en conservation font partie int\u00e9grante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Apprentissages cl\u00e9s :<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Compr\u00e9hension des principes de l\u2019\u00e9volution,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Connaissance des techniques d\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Application des principes de l\u2019\u00e9volution en am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Analyse des donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et \u00e9volution<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Compr\u00e9hension des impacts de l\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique sur les populations et les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Comp\u00e9tences vis\u00e9es :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. Conception et mise en \u0153uvre de programme d\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique pour am\u00e9liorer les productions animales, v\u00e9g\u00e9tales et aquacoles<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. Communication efficace des r\u00e9sultats de la recherche et des applications de l\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          3. Interpr\u00e9ter et analyser les donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et \u00e9volution,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          4. Evaluer les cons\u00e9quences potentielles de l\u2019am\u00e9lioration sur les populations et les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          5. Programme et calendrier<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
            Semaine\/date<\/td>Contenus\/objectifs<\/td>Activit\u00e9s<\/td>Travail pr\u00e9alable<\/td><\/tr>
            Du\u2026\u2026\u2026..au\u2026\u2026<\/td>Introduction \u00e0 l\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique<\/strong><\/td>D\u00e9finir, historique et but de l\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tiquePrincipe de l\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique,Organisation des \u00e9levages et organisation professionnelle  <\/td>Lecture des documents<\/td><\/tr>
             <\/td>H\u00e9r\u00e9dit\u00e9 des caract\u00e8res qualitatifs Mend\u00e9liens<\/strong><\/td>Transmission et mode de transmission des g\u00e8nesPolyall\u00e9lisme, interactions entre g\u00e8nes situ\u00e9s sur le m\u00eame chromosome, l\u2019\u00e9pistasie, g\u00e8nes compl\u00e9mentaires, pl\u00e9iotropie et g\u00e8ne modificateursM\u00e9canisme de transmission h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaire des caract\u00e8res Mend\u00e9liens    <\/td>Lecture et rappel du chapitre pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/td><\/tr>
             <\/td>G\u00e9n\u00e9tique quantique<\/strong><\/td>D\u00e9finir la g\u00e9n\u00e9tique quantiqueHabilet\u00e9 de transmission, effet non additif de g\u00e8nes, variance g\u00e9n\u00e9tique, corr\u00e9lations et r\u00e9gressions    <\/td>Lecture et rappel du chapitre pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/td><\/tr>
             <\/td>Individus et population et Syst\u00e8me et m\u00e9thodes de reproduction<\/strong><\/td>S\u00e9lection (massale, descendant, sur pedigree, collat\u00e9raux)Hybridation, consanguinit\u00e9, cryopr\u00e9servation des spermes et embryons, f\u00e9condation in vitro, clonage et ins\u00e9minations artificielles  <\/td>Lecture et rappel du chapitre pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/td><\/tr>
             <\/td>Nouvelles techniques d\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique     <\/strong><\/strong><\/td>L\u2019inactivation par m\u00e9thylation,L\u2019agroinfiltration,L\u2019agroinfiltration, Le porte greffe transg\u00e9nique, Les technique \u00e9dition du g\u00e8ne, L\u2019utilisation des marqueurs g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques,Le contr\u00f4le de sexe, La manipulation du lot chromosomique,L\u2019\u00e9levage s\u00e9lectif et l\u2019hybridation<\/td>Lecture et rappel du chapitre pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/td><\/tr>
             <\/td>Comp\u00e9tences pratiques en mati\u00e8re de l\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution<\/strong><\/td>Conception des programmes d\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tiqueAnalyse des donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et \u00e9volutive,S\u00e9lection artificielle,Appliquer les techniques de la biologie mol\u00e9culaire pour am\u00e9liorer les production<\/td>Lecture et rappel du chapitre pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • Mode d\u2019\u00e9valuation<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              Dates<\/td>Type d\u2019examen\/comp\u00e9tences vis\u00e9es<\/td>Pourcentage<\/td><\/tr>
               <\/td>Travail Personnel de l\u2019\u00e9tudiant (expos\u00e9)<\/td>10%<\/td><\/tr>
               <\/td>Contr\u00f4le Continu : QCM, QRO<\/td>20%<\/td><\/tr>
               <\/td>Examen \u00e9crit : QCM, QRO, \u00e9tude de cas<\/td>70%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • R\u00e8gles et fonctionnement du cours<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                R\u00e8gles g\u00e9n\u00e9rales<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • La pr\u00e9sence en cours est obligatoire et contr\u00f4l\u00e9e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Les \u00e9tudiants sont attendus pour participer activement aux discussions et aux activit\u00e9s en classe.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Les \u00e9tudiants doivent respecter les d\u00e9lais de remise des travaux.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  Retard dans la remise des travaux<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • Tout retard dans la remise des travaux sera p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 d’une fa\u00e7on suivante :<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • 1 jour de retard : 10% de p\u00e9nalit\u00e9 sur la note finale<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • 2 jours de retard : 20% de p\u00e9nalit\u00e9 sur la note finale<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • 3 jours de retard : 30% de p\u00e9nalit\u00e9 sur la note finale<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Les \u00e9tudiants qui ne remettent pas leurs travaux dans les d\u00e9lais prescrits ne pourront pas obtenir une note sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 60%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    Absent\u00e9isme<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    • Tout absent\u00e9isme non justifi\u00e9 sera p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 d’une fa\u00e7on suivante :<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • 1 absence non justifi\u00e9e : 10% de p\u00e9nalit\u00e9 sur la note finale<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • 2 absences non justifi\u00e9es : 20% de p\u00e9nalit\u00e9 sur la note finale<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • 3 absences non justifi\u00e9es : 30% de p\u00e9nalit\u00e9 sur la note finale<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                      Travail personnel<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \n
                      • Les \u00e9tudiants recevront des travaux personnels \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser entre les cours.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Ces travaux seront not\u00e9s et compteront pour 10% de la note finale.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                        Plagiat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \n
                        • Tout plagiat sera s\u00e9v\u00e8rement p\u00e9nalis\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • Les \u00e9tudiants qui commettent un plagiat seront sanctionn\u00e9s d’une fa\u00e7on suivante :<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                          Participation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \n
                          • Les \u00e9tuAdiants sont attendus pour participer activement aux discussions et aux activit\u00e9s en classe.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Bibliographie et ressources compl\u00e9mentaires<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Babouchkine Y.P., 1987. La s\u00e9lection d’une carpe r\u00e9sistant \u00e0 l’hiver. In : Tiews K. (ed), Proc. World Symp. On Selection, Hybridization, and Genetic Engineering in Aquaculture, Bordeaux 27-30 May, 1986. Heenemann Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Berlin, Vol. 1, 447-454<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Bagley M.J., Bentley B., Gall G.A.E., 1994. A genetic evaluation of the influence of stocking density on the early<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                            growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).<\/em>Aquaculture, 121, 313-326.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                              \n
                            • Chevassus B. Hybridization in salmonids: results and perspectives. Aquaculture 1979 ; 17 : 113-28.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • Chevassus B, Quillet E, Krieg F, et al. Enhanced individual selection for selecting fast growing fish: the \u2018PROSPER\u2019 method, with application on brown trout (Salmo trutta fario). Genet Sel Evol 2004 ; 36 : 643-61.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • Chourrout D, Guyomard R, Houdebine LM. High efficiency gene transfer in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii Rich.) by microinjection into egg cytoplasm. Aquaculture 1986 ; 51 : 143-50.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • Emes. RD, Beatson. SA, Ponting. CP, Goodstadt. L. Evolution and comparative genomics<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                              of odorant- and pheromone-associated genes in rodents.Genome Res. Apr; 14 (4) :591-602.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                              (2004)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                \n
                              • Fitch W.M, Leiter J.M.E, Li X, Palese P. Positive Darwinian evolution in human influenza<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                                A viruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 88 : 4270-4274.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                (1991).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                  \n
                                • Zhang X and Firestein S. Genomics of olfactory receptors. S.Results Probl Cell Differ.;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                                  47:25-36. (2009).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                  IAA427 Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution Nom du cours, Unit\u00e9 d\u2019Enseignement et Niveau : Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution Nom du Responsable du cours : Dr KENFACK DONHACHI Aimerance Disponibilit\u00e9 et contact : 653565566 Date du cours ou p\u00e9riode du cours : 1er semestre D\u00e9coupage du cours (CM\/TD\/TP et TPE) : CM : 50 ; TD : 10 ; TP : 20 ; […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cours"],"yoast_head":"\nAm\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution - Universit\u00e9 d'Ebolowa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/unv-ebolowa.cm\/index.php\/en\/2025\/10\/07\/amelioration-genetique-et-evolution-4\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"IAA427 Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution Nom du cours, Unit\u00e9 d\u2019Enseignement et Niveau : Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution Nom du Responsable du cours : Dr KENFACK DONHACHI Aimerance Disponibilit\u00e9 et contact : 653565566 Date du cours ou p\u00e9riode du cours : 1er semestre D\u00e9coupage du cours (CM\/TD\/TP et TPE) : CM : 50 ; TD : 10 ; TP : 20 ; […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/unv-ebolowa.cm\/index.php\/en\/2025\/10\/07\/amelioration-genetique-et-evolution-4\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Universit\u00e9 d'Ebolowa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100088178885402\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-07T14:10:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-07T14:11:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Erika ABOLO\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Erika ABOLO\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/unv-ebolowa.cm\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/07\\\/amelioration-genetique-et-evolution-4\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/unv-ebolowa.cm\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/07\\\/amelioration-genetique-et-evolution-4\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Erika ABOLO\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/unv-ebolowa.cm\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d60b59bf8fbf13ed9a0f6a42371eb8c0\"},\"headline\":\"Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-07T14:10:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-07T14:11:10+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/unv-ebolowa.cm\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/07\\\/amelioration-genetique-et-evolution-4\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1287,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/unv-ebolowa.cm\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Cours\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/unv-ebolowa.cm\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/07\\\/amelioration-genetique-et-evolution-4\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/unv-ebolowa.cm\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/07\\\/amelioration-genetique-et-evolution-4\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/unv-ebolowa.cm\\\/index.php\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/07\\\/amelioration-genetique-et-evolution-4\\\/\",\"name\":\"Am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et \u00e9volution - 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